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Odessa pogroms
A series of pogroms against Jews in the city of Odessa, then part of the Russian Empire, took place during the 19th and early 20th centuries. They occurred in 1821, 1859, 1871, 1881, 1886, and 1905.〔Robert Weinberg, "(The Pogrom of 1905 in Odessa: A Case Study )" in ''Pogroms: Anti-Jewish Violence in Modern Russian History'', John D. Klier and Shlomo Lambroza, eds. (Cambridge,1992): 248-89; Robert Weinberg "(Workers, Pogroms, and the 1905 Revolution in Odessa )" ''The Russian Review'', vol. 46, 1987, pp. 53–75〕
According to Jarrod Tanny, most historians argue that the earlier incidents were a result of "frictions unleashed by modernization" rather than antisemitism. The 1905 pogrom was markedly larger in scale and antisemitism played a central role.
Odessa is a port city on the Black Sea and its multi-ethnic population included Greek, Jewish, Russian, Ukrainian, and other communities.
==1821 pogrom==
The 1821 pogrom, perpetrated by ethnic Greeks rather than Russians, is named in some sources as the first in the modern period in Russia:
In Odessa, Greeks and Jews were two rival ethnic and economic communities, living side by side. The first Odessa pogrom, in 1821, was linked to the outbreak of the Greek War for Independence, during which the Jews were accused of sympathizing with the Ottoman authorities and of aiding the Turks in killing the Greek Patriarch of Constantinople, Gregory V, dragging his dead body through the streets and finally throwing it into the Bosphorus.〔Ariel Parkansky "(Anti-Semitism and Pogroms )" KehilaLinks〕
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